SpaceX and Tesla could announce a merger as soon as December, first reported by Electrek. Negotiations cover price, control and how many SpaceX shares Tesla investors would receive, while early 2027 remains possible; at Tesla’s December 3 shareholder meeting, directors who would sign off on the deal are up for re-election.
SpaceX is valued at over $1.9 trillion after its June IPO, while Tesla sits around $1.5 trillion. The proposed structure has SpaceX absorbing Tesla, not the reverse.
A completed deal would be the largest merger ever, surpassing Vodafone’s $183 billion takeover of Mannesmann in 2000, long the record for a single deal. SpaceX’s roughly $250 billion purchase of xAI earlier this year would also be dwarfed.
Musk owns about 20% of Tesla but controls roughly 85% of SpaceX’s voting power through super-voting shares, according to SpaceX’s S-1. A share exchange would move Tesla shareholders from one-share-one-vote to a company where Musk’s control is effectively locked in.
The terms put two questions together: what Tesla investors receive and what voting structure they enter.
Under the change-in-control terms in Musk’s 2025 CEO award, operational milestones drop out, the market-cap test runs at the deal price and earned shares vest immediately. Based on the share count in Tesla’s proxy, a deal valuing Tesla at $2 trillion, about a 33% premium to where it trades now, would clear the first market-cap tranche; 286 million restricted shares from his 2018 package also accelerate on a change in control.
Bloomberg reports that ring-fencing Tesla’s China business is a main obstacle. A JPMorgan analyst said SpaceX’s defense and government work and Tesla’s China footprint are at odds for regulators and shareholders.
Both boards have formed special committees to explore a merger, Musk confirmed. Tesla’s December 3 ballot includes re-election votes for Musk, chair Robyn Denholm and JB Straubel to terms through 2029, plus say-on-pay and auditor votes; early 2027 remains on the table.
